MUSCLE INJURIES PART XVI - ADDUCTOR INJURIES

Notas do episódio

References 1. Flores DV, Mejia Gomez C, Estrada-Castrillon M, Smitaman E, Pathria MN. MR Imaging of Muscle Trauma: Anatomy, Biomechanics, Pathophysiology, and Imaging Appearance. Radiographics. 2018;38(1):124-48. 2. Pathria M. MRI traumatic changes 2009 (Radiology Assistant) 3. Study Group of the M, Tendon System from the Spanish Society of Sports T, Balius R, Blasi M, Pedret C, Alomar X, et al. A Histoarchitectural Approach to Skeletal Muscle Injury: Searching for a Common Nomenclature. Orthop J Sports Med. 2020;8(3):2325967120909090. 4. Balius R, Alomar X, Pedret C, Blasi M, Rodas G, Pruna R, et al. Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Muscle Injuries: Histoarchitectural Considerations for Muscle Injuries. Orthop J Sports Med. 2018;6(9):2325967118795863. 5. Gillies AR, Lieber RL. Structure and function of the skeletal muscle extracellular matrix. Muscle Nerve. 2011;44(3):318-31. 6. Ekstrand J, Healy JC, Walden M, Lee JC, English B, Hagglund M. Hamstring muscle injuries in professional football: the correlation of MRI findings with return to play. Br J Sports Med. 2012;46(2):112-7. 7. Mueller-Wohlfahrt HW, Haensel L, Mithoefer K, Ekstrand J, English B, McNally S, et al. Terminology and classification of muscle injuries in sport: the Munich consensus statement. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(6):342-50. 8. DA C. Longitudinal Study Comparing Sonographic and MRI Assessments of Acute and Healing Hamstring Injuries. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183:975-84. 9. Blankenbaker DG, Tuite MJ. Temporal changes of muscle injury. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2010;14(2):176-93. 10. Cruz J, Mascarenhas V. Adult thigh muscle injuries-from diagnosis to treatment: what the radiologist should know. Skeletal Radiol. 2018;47(8):1087-98. 11. MP M. Muscle strain injury vs muscle damage: Two mutually exclusive clinical entities. Transl Sports Med. 2019;2:102-8. 12. Valle X, Alentorn-Geli E, Tol JL, Hamilton B, Garrett WE, Jr., Pruna R, et al. Muscle Injuries in Sports: A New Evidence-Informed and Expert Consensus-Based Classification with Clinical Application. Sports Med. 2017;47(7):1241-53. 13. Bencardino JT, Mellado JM. Hamstring injuries of the hip. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):677-90, vi. 14. Hall MM. Return to Play After Thigh Muscle Injury: Utility of Serial Ultrasound in Guiding Clinical Progression. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2018;17(9):296-301. 15. Isern-Kebschull J, Mecho S, Pruna R, Kassarjian A, Valle X, Yanguas X, et al. Sports-related lower limb muscle injuries: pattern recognition approach and MRI review. Insights Imaging. 2020;11(1):108. 16. AF Y. Diagnostic Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: New Concepts and Radiological Approach . Curr Radiol Rep. 2017;5(27). 17. Opar DA, Williams MD, Shield AJ. Hamstring strain injuries: factors that lead to injury and re-injury. Sports Med. 2012;42(3):209-26. 18. Grassi A, Quaglia A, Canata GL, Zaffagnini S. An update on the grading of muscle injuries: a narrative review from clinical to comprehensive systems. Joints. 2016;4(1):39-46. 19. Pollock N, Patel A, Chakraverty J, Suokas A, James SL, Chakraverty R. Time to return to full training is delayed and recurrence rate is higher in intratendinous ('c') acute hamstring injury in elite track and field athletes: clinical application of the British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50(5):305-10. 20. Pollock N, James SL, Lee JC, Chakraverty R. British athletics muscle injury classification: a new grading system. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(18):1347-51. 21. Pezzotta G, Querques G, Pecorelli A, Nani R, Sironi S. MRI detection of soleus muscle injuries in professional football players. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(11):1513-20. 22. Guermazi A, Roemer FW, Robinson P, Tol JL, Regatte RR, Crema MD. Imaging of Muscle Injuries in Sports Medicine: Sports Imaging Series. Radiology. 2017;285(3):1063. 23. Pedret C, Balius R, Blasi M, Davila F, Aramendi JF, Masci L, et al. Ultrasound classification of medial gastrocnemious injuries. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020;30(12):2456-65. 24. Fields KB, Rigby MD. Muscular Calf Injuries in Runners. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2016;15(5):320-4. 25. Dalmau-Pastor M, Fargues-Polo B, Jr., Casanova-Martinez D, Jr., Vega J, Golano P. Anatomy of the triceps surae: a pictorial essay. Foot Ankle Clin. 2014;19(4):603-35. 26. Balius R, Rodas G, Pedret C, Capdevila L, Alomar X, Bong DA. Soleus muscle injury: sensitivity of ultrasound patterns. Skeletal Radiol. 2014;43(6):805-12. 27. Delgado GJ, Chung CB, Lektrakul N, Azocar P, Botte MJ, Coria D, et al. Tennis leg: clinical US study of 141 patients and anatomic investigation of four cadavers with MR imaging and US. Radiology. 2002;224(1):112-9. 28. Bright JM, Fields KB, Draper R. Ultrasound Diagnosis of Calf Injuries. Sports Health. 2017;9(4):352-5. 29. Olewnik L, Zielinska N, Paulsen F, Podgorski M, Haladaj R, Karauda P, et al. A proposal for a new classification of soleus muscle morphology. Ann Anat. 2020;232:151584. 30. Kimura N, Kato K, Anetai H, Kawasaki Y, Miyaki T, Kudoh H, et al. Anatomical study of the soleus: Application to improved imaging diagnoses. Clin Anat. 2020:e23667. 31. Waterworth G, Wein S, Gorelik A, Rotstein AH. MRI assessment of calf injuries in Australian Football League players: findings that influence return to play. Skeletal Radiol. 2017;46(3):343-50. 32. Balius R, Pedret C, Iriarte I, Saiz R, Cerezal L. Sonographic landmarks in hamstring muscles. Skeletal Radiol. 2019;48(11):1675-83. 33. Beltran L, Ghazikhanian V, Padron M, Beltran J. The proximal hamstring muscle-tendon-bone unit: a review of the normal anatomy, biomechanics, and pathophysiology. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3772-9. 34. Ahmad CS, Redler LH, Ciccotti MG, Maffulli N, Longo UG, Bradley J. Evaluation and management of hamstring injuries. Am J Sports Med. 2013;41(12):2933-47. 35. van der Made AD, Wieldraaijer T, Kerkhoffs GM, Kleipool RP, Engebretsen L, van Dijk CN, et al. The hamstring muscle complex. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015;23(7):2115-22. 36. Kumazaki T, Ehara Y, Sakai T. Anatomy and physiology of hamstring injury. Int J Sports Med. 2012;33(12):950-4. 37. Koulouris G, Connell D. Hamstring muscle complex: an imaging review. Radiographics. 2005;25(3):571-86. 38. Tosovic D, Muirhead JC, Brown JM, Woodley SJ. Anatomy of the long head of biceps femoris: An ultrasound study. Clin Anat. 2016;29(6):738-45. 39. Silder A, Heiderscheit BC, Thelen DG, Enright T, Tuite MJ. MR observations of long-term musculotendon remodeling following a hamstring strain injury. Skeletal Radiol. 2008;37(12):1101-9. 40. Pasta G, Nanni G, Molini L, Bianchi S. Sonography of the quadriceps muscle: Examination technique, normal anatomy, and traumatic lesions. J Ultrasound. 2010;13(2):76-84. 41. Bordalo-Rodrigues M, Rosenberg ZS. MR imaging of the proximal rectus femoris musculotendinous unit. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2005;13(4):717-25. 42. Pesquer L, Poussange N, Sonnery-Cottet B, Graveleau N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B, et al. Imaging of rectus femoris proximal tendinopathies. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(7):889-97. 43. Ouellette H, Thomas BJ, Nelson E, Torriani M. MR imaging of rectus femoris origin injuries. Skeletal Radiol. 2006;35(9):665-72. 44. Hasselman CT, Best TM, Hughes Ct, Martinez S, Garrett WE, Jr. An explanation for various rectus femoris strain injuries using previously undescribed muscle architecture. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23(4):493-9. 45. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Intramuscular degloving injuries to the rectus femoris: findings at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2014;202(5):W475-80. 46. Iriuchishima T, Shirakura K, Yorifuji H, Fu FH. Anatomical evaluation of the rectus femoris tendon and its related structures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2012;132(11):1665-8. 47. Gyftopoulos S, Rosenberg ZS, Schweitzer ME, Bordalo-Rodrigues M. Normal anatomy and strains of the deep musculotendinous junction of the proximal rectus femoris: MRI features. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190(3):W182-6. 48. Bianchi S, Martinoli C, Waser NP, Bianchi-Zamorani MP, Federici E, Fasel J. Central aponeurosis tears of the rectus femoris: sonographic findings. Skeletal Radiol. 2002;31(10):581-6. 49. Kassarjian A, Rodrigo RM, Santisteban JM. Current concepts in MRI of rectus femoris musculotendinous (myotendinous) and myofascial injuries in elite athletes. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(12):3763-71. 50. Omar IM, Zoga AC, Kavanagh EC, Koulouris G, Bergin D, Gopez AG, et al. Athletic pubalgia and "sports hernia": optimal MR imaging technique and findings. Radiographics. 2008;28(5):1415-38. 51. Robinson P, Salehi F, Grainger A, Clemence M, Schilders E, O'Connor P, et al. Cadaveric and MRI study of the musculotendinous contributions to the capsule of the symphysis pubis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(5):W440-5. 52. Pesquer L, Reboul G, Silvestre A, Poussange N, Meyer P, Dallaudiere B. Imaging of adductor-related groin pain. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2015;96(9):861-9. 53. Robertson BA, Barker PJ, Fahrer M, Schache AG. The anatomy of the pubic region revisited: implications for the pathogenesis and clinical management of chronic groin pain in athletes. Sports Med. 2009;39(3):225-34. 54. Cunningham PM, Brennan D, O'Connell M, MacMahon P, O'Neill P, Eustace S. Patterns of bone and soft-tissue injury at the symphysis pubis in soccer players: observations at MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188(3):W291-6. 55. Morley N, Grant T, Blount K, Omar I. Sonographic evaluation of athletic pubalgia. Skeletal Radiol. 2016;45(5):689-99. 56. Murphy G, Foran P, Murphy D, Tobin O, Moynagh M, Eustace S. "Superior cleft sign" as a marker of rectus abdominus/adductor longus tear in patients with suspected sportsman's hernia. Skeletal Radiol. 2013;42(6):819-25. 57. Schilders E, Mitchell AWM, Johnson R, Dimitrakopoulou A, Kartsonaki C, Lee JC. Proximal adductor avulsions are rarely isolated but usually involve injury to the PLAC and pectineus: descriptive MRI findings in 145 athletes. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2020. 58. Schilders E,